MEDICINA DEL LAVORO DEONTOLOGIA ED ETICA PROFESSIONALE

Module STORIA DELLA MEDICINA E BIOETICA MEDICA

Directions:

Oral exam
The test consists of an interview in which n. 2-4 questions that focus on different topics of the program. The test makes it possible to verify: (i) the level of general knowledge of the subject; (ii) the ability to apply this knowledge for the resolution of specific problems inherent in the future course of study in medicine and to create independent judgment; (iii) the clarity of exposition; (iv) the property of medical and scientific language.

The following parameters will be taken into account for the attribution of the final grade:
Rating 29-30 cum laude: the student has an in-depth knowledge of the protagonists of the individual historical eras in the field of medicine (e.g. Hippocrates, Galen) and of the main ancient medical methods in the various historical periods; he is able to promptly and correctly integrate and critically analyze the situations presented, independently solving even highly complex problems; has excellent communication skills and masters medical-scientific language.

Rating 26-28: the student has a good knowledge of the protagonists of the individual historical eras in the field of medicine (e.g., Hippocrates, Galen) and of the main ancient medical methods in the various historical periods; manages to integrate and analyze the situations presented in a critical and linear way, manages to solve complex problems fairly autonomously and sets out the topics clearly using appropriate medical-scientific language;

Rating 22-25: the student has a fair knowledge of the protagonists of the individual historical eras in the field of medicine (e.g. Hippocrates, Galen) and of the main ancient medical methods in the various historical periods; even if limited to the main topics; manages to integrate and analyze the situations presented in a critical but not always linear way and exposes the topics quite clearly with a fair amount of ownership

Rating 18-21: the student has the slightest knowledge of the protagonists of the individual historical eras in the field of medicine (e.g. Hippocrates, Galen) and of the main ancient medical methods in the various historical periods; has a modest ability to critically integrate and analyze the situations presented and presents the topics clearly enough although the language property is poorly developed;

Examination failed: the student does not possess the minimum required knowledge of the main contents of the teaching. There is very little or no ability to use the specific language and he is not able to independently apply the knowledge acquired.

IMPORTANT: A question will always focus on one or more doctors/scholars awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine (years 1901-2025), as per the set of slides in PDF format given to the students: these doctors/scholars will be selected from a list freely compiled by the same student which includes a doctor/scholar (or a group of two or three doctors/scholars, according to the existence of co-awarding of the Prize to multiple scholars in the same year) per decade from 1901 to 2025, so that we have a roster of doctors/scholars made up of approximately 11-12 doctors/scholars (or 11-12 small groups of doctors/scholars) awarded the Prize; from this list, exhibited by the student during the exam, through any support (e.g., paper/sheet in word, tablet, mobile), the doctors/scholars who are the subject of the application will be extracted/selected; the application will be direct and simple: historical decade of membership, university to which they belong, reasons for awarding the prize; any other supplementary information may help to complete the picture that the teacher will have of the global preparation and exposure by the student.

EXAMPLES OF FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS:

What were the only medical practices most common in the prehistoric world?
What was the doctor's name in ancient Mesopotamia?
What medical practices or what medical laws regulated Hammurabi's code?
Who was/were the most famous physician (s) in ancient Egypt?
What was the most prevalent concept of disease in ancient Egypt?
What does Ayurveda consist of?
What are acupuncture and moxibustion?
What did the Tibetan theory of Tantras consist of?
What characterized ancient Mesoamerican medicine?
What does Greek “technai” consist of?
Who was and what did the best-known doctor in the ancient Greek world do?
What did the theory of “humors” consist of?
Who were the most famous doctors of the Alexandrian era and how did they distinguish themselves?
What characterized Etruscan medicine?
Who was the best-known doctor in the ancient Roman world and what did he do?
What did the “pneumi” theory consist of?
What was the main characteristic of Arab medicine?
What was the first medieval medical school?
Who was the first female doctor in medieval times, a specialist in obstetrics?
What was the concept of medicine and the scientific world in medieval times?
What characterized fifteenth-century medicine and that of Leonardo da Vinci?
Why were surgeons called surgeon-barbers in the sixteenth century?
Who was the most famous surgeon-barber and then surgeon in the sixteenth century?
Who was Paracelsus and what theories did he pursue?
Who was Sydenham and what did he discover that was important in the medical field?
What great medical discovery revolutionized cardiovascular medicine in the seventeenth century?
What scientific and medical discoveries characterized the eighteenth century?
What is mesmerism?
What is phrenology?
What kind of doctor was the one who practiced medicine in the nineteenth century?

QUESTION Nobel Prize winners: Briefly describe who the selected Nobel Prize winner was (or who the group of Nobel Prize winners w